Nuclear Medicine is defined as that branch of medicine in which radioactive materials (unsealed sources of radiation) are used for the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Diagnostic imaging of the lungs, brain, thyroid, stomach, salivary glands, liver, kidneys, bone, heart, adrenal glands as well as sites of occult infection, is achieved using a sophisticated Gamma Camera with tomographic facilities linked to computer systems. Non-imaging procedures e.g. thyroid uptake tests, GFR estimations and haematological tests are also performed.
The Department of Nuclear Medicine offers services in:
1. DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES :
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2. THERAPEUTIC :
- 1-131 Therapy (Grave/Cancer)
- Sr.89 Therapy (Metastatic Bone Pain)
- Samarium Therapy
What is Nuclear Medicine?
- Its New & Clear medicine!
- A branch of medicine which uses Radio nuclear pharmaceuticals in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.
How safe is it?
- Relatively a very safe procedure.
- No adverse reaction or side effect has been reported due to injection of the radiosotope.
- Radiation exposure is less than that from a routine CT Scan.
Why is it needed?
- To asses the disease from a functional standpoint using both dynamic sand quantitative data.
- To evaluate the physiologic and functional aspects of a organ system, by following the course of the radiosotope like perfusion, accumulation, clearance and excretion.
Who orders the test?
- Your physician or surgeon will be ordering the test / procedure on a inpatient or out patient basis.
Where is it done?
- In our department of Nuclear medicine, located in the Ground floor (first right turn after you enter the hospital), under the Gamma Camera depicted in the picture.
CARDIAC SCAN - MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING INDICATIONS:
This study can be done with exercise stress and delayed (resting) views, at rest only, or with drug-simulated stress (dipyridamole = DPM, adenosine = ADN) in those unable to perform treadmill exercise for the assessment of myocardial perfusion in a variety of clinical settings:
- Suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with an abnormal ECG.
- Suspected CAD in asymptomatic patients with positive exercise ECG.
- Susptected myocardial infarction (Resting Thallium).
- Thallium - 201 DPM/ADN study : for evaluation of myocardial perfusion in patients unable to exercise.
- In other requiring assessment of coronary perfusion (pre-op evaluation, evaluation of viability for by-pass, etc.)
- Evaluation of Unexplained chest pain.
- Preoperative assessment of Cardiac fitness for non cardiac surgery.
- Functional assessment of borderline CAD on Angiogram.
Gamma Camera CAD on Angiogram
BONE SCAN - BRAIN SCAN INDICATIONS:
- Screen for bone metastases in patients with known or suspected cancer.
- Infection (Osteomyelitis vs. cellulitis).
- Evaluation of suspected fracture, including stress fractures.
- To help determine age and metabolic activity in areas of aseptic necrosis and trauma.
- Evaluate response to therapy, chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer.
- Evaluation of prosthesis for loosening or infection.
- Location of biopsy site.
- Planning of radiation portals.
- Evaluation of nonspecific bone pain.
- Evaluation of nonspecific, abnormal roentgenographic appearance of bone.
- Metabolic bone disease
- Confirm the diagnosis of RSD
- Evaluation of Low Back Pain
- Evaluation of Primary bone lesions.
- Management of osteoid ostoma.
- Seizure localization, evaluation of alzeirmers, stroke.
THYROID SCAN - PARATHYROID SCAN INDICATIONS:
- Determination of thyroid size, function and position.
- Evaluation of functional status of thyroid nodules.
- Evaluation of thyroid and neck masses.
- Evaluation of patients with history of head and neck irradiation.
- Quantitative thyroid uptake (I-131 uptake)
- Detection of ectopic thyroid tissues such as substernal or sublingual locations of thyroid tissue (I-123)
- Treatment for hyperthyroidism, neoplasm (I-131)
- Detection of thyroid metastases and assessment of response to therapy (I-131).
- Detect and localize hyper functioning parathyroid adenomas.
RENAL STUDY (DTPA/MAG-3) - CORTICAL SCAN (DMSA) - VOIDING CYSTO URETHROGRAM (VCUG) INDICATIONS:
- Evaluation of renal perfusion and function.
- Evaluation of renal trauma.
- Diagnosis of renovascular hpyertension.
- Detection and evaluation of renal collecting system obstruction.
- Diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis.
- Renal evaluation in those with allergy to radiographic contrast.
- Assess renal function and scarring in Pyelonephritis, UTI, Reflux disease, Ectopic kidney.
- Detection and follow of vesicouretharal reflux.
LIST OF PROCEDURES DONE IN THE DEPT DIAGNOSTIC
- Brain SPECT
- Thyroid I-131 / Tc-99m
- Parathyroid
- Breast
- Bone Scan - Whole body
- Bone Scan - 3 phase + Whole Body
- Bone Scan - SPECT + Whole Body
- Myocardial Perfusion - Rest/Stress (TMT/Adenosine) OR Rest/Redistribution
- MUGA (Rest)
- Lung Perfusion
- Liver / Spleen
- Hepatobilary
- GE Reflux
- GI Bleed
- Renal - DTPA/MAG-3
- Renal - DMSA (Cortical)
- Renal - VCUG
- Lymph Node Scan
- Gallium Scan
- Octreoscan
- MIBG Scan
- Venogram
- Others
THERAPEUTIC:
- I - 131 Therapy (Graves / Cancer)
- Sr - 89 Therapy (Metastatic Bone Pain)
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